A cataract resembles a thin film that can cloud the eye and create difficulty seeing. When the cataract begins to dramatically impede vision, an eye surgeon may recommend a procedure to remove the cataract. Major surgical complications are rare; however, the surgery is not without complications.
Decentered Intraocular Lens Implant
During cataract surgery, an eye surgeon places a lens in the eye to enhance vision. It is possible that the lens can shift over time, shifting slightly or dramatically off center. This can cause a variety of symptoms, including blurry vision, glare, halos, double vision or shimmering vision. If this occurs, further surgery may be required.
Cystoid Macular Edema
This condition can cause swelling in the macula, which is the retina's center. This swelling can cause blurring of the vision, particularly when looking straight ahead. If a patient experiences this symptom, it can be treated with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, taken either via pill or applied as an eye drop.
Secondary Cataract
According to the About Cataract Surgery website, a secondary cataract is the most common complication related to surgery. This results in a cataract buildup around the lens capsule, which can blur the vision. A secondary cataract can be treated via a laser procedure or through more invasive means, if necessary.
Retinal Detachment
This complication risk is generally associated with those who are extremely nearsighted, as the retina is already somewhat detached. Symptoms include seeing floaters, flashes of light or a curve in vision. Retinal detachment is considered a medical emergency, meaning fast treatment is imperative.
Posterior Capsule Rupture
When the cataract portion is removed during surgery, extra pressure is placed on the posterior capsule, which can sometimes cause it to tear or rupture. If this occurs, a surgeon must restore shape to the capsule to ensure successful implantation of the intraocular lens.
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