Diabetes affects the thyroid gland, located below the Adam's apple.
A diabetic's weakened autoimmune system can create thyroid problems. Type 1 diabetics should be checked for thyroid disorders every 2 to 3 years and Type 2 every 5 years.
Size
Thyroid disease strikes roughly 6 percent of the general population but 11 percent of diabetics. As many as 30 percent of Type 1 female diabetics will develop thyroid difficulties.
Types
Hypothyroidism is three times more prevalent than hyperthyroidism in diabetics. Postpartum thyroiditis affects diabetic women three times more often than non-diabetic women.
Considerations
Diagnosing thyroid problems in diabetics is difficult. Poor glycemic control produces many of the same symptoms as thyroidism, including nephropathy, fatigue, edema, weight loss and weight gain.
Effects
Hyperthyroidism can lead to insulin resistance, kidney problems and sudden drops in glucose levels. Hypothyroidism can lead to glucose intolerance and high blood-glucose levels. Other complications include atherosclerosis, arrhythmia and angina.
Treatment
Hypothyroidism is treated through hormone replacement therapy, while hyperthyroidism is treated through radioactive iodine therapy or surgery.
Theories/Speculation
Thyroid problems in diabetics have been linked to high levels of copper in the body as well as tungsten deficiencies. Chromium picolinate may help Type 2 diabetics regulate copper levels, while tungsten is available in some mineral supplements.
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