The use of gadolinium contrast in an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) offers a better image of the organs and tissues of the body.
The use of gadolinium contrast has stirred up much controversy---and maybe for a good reason. There are presently five different types of gadolinium contrast agents approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), all of which may be associated with serious side effects.
What is Gadolinium?
Gadolinium (Gd) is a white metal with a silver sheen that is labeled number 64 on the scientific atomic table of elements. The FDA explain that gadolinium is used as a contrast base. The use of gadolinium contrast in an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) offers a better image of the organs and tissues of the body.
Common Side Effects
Common side effects associated with gadolinium contrast include a burning sensation and pain around the area where the gadolinium was administered and possible lightheadedness. Patients may also experience a slight headache, nausea and a quick bout of low blood pressure.
Allergic Reaction
Allergic reactions are possible after gadolinium contrast is administered. In the book "Contrast Media: Safety Issues and ESUR Guidelines" authors Henrik S. Thomsen and Judith A. W. Webb explain that the risks of a severe allergic reaction are rare. However, patients who have a history of allergic reactions have the highest risk of experiencing an acute allergic reaction to gadolinium contrast.
NSF/NFD
Patients who have been diagnosed with kidney problems or renal insufficiency should not be given any type of gadolinium contrasts before an MRI. The Mayo Clinic reports that this type of patient is at risk of developing a serious condition known as NSF/NFD (Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy/Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis), which is an untreatable and debilitating illness.
Women of Child Bearing Age
Pregnant women are cautioned against receiving gadolinium contrast for MRI testing because of unknown risks to the fetus, according to Duke University. There is also a risk that gadolinium can be passed through the breast milk of a mother to her child while breast feeding. Therefore, breastfeeding should be avoided for a minimum of 36 to 48 hours after gadolinium is administered.
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