A prostate exam, also known as a digital rectal exam (DRE), is an initial screen for growths and other abnormalities in the prostate and other glands of the lower body. The American Cancer Society recommends annual digital rectal exams for all men over the age of 50.
What the Exam Checks
A DRE checks the prostate for enlargement, growths and other abnormalities that can indicate serious conditions such as prostate cancer. The examining physician also checks for rectal and internal bleeding.
Before the Exam
The patient being examined will undress completely below the waist. Typically, the examining physician will provide the patient with a relaxation method such as deep breathing to ease exam discomfort.
How the Exam Is Performed
With the patient standing but bent slightly forward, the examining physician will first inspect the rectum visually for any bleeding or abnormalities. Then, he will insert a lubricated gloved finger into the rectum. Often, the physician will also place a hand on the pelvic area to check for tenderness, inflammation, hardness and other problems.
How the Exam Will Feel
Many patients experience slight physical discomfort during the exam.
Further Tests
If the exam reveals problems such as tenderness or bleeding or abnormalities such as enlargements or tumors, the physician may suggest additional exams such as a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test or a colonoscopy in order to make an accurate diagnosis.
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