Radiation therapy is a common cancer treatment. Skin complications are an undesirable, yet often unavoidable side effect of radiation therapy. The main reason for this is that radiation, because of the power of the radio waves, destroys not only malignant cells, but adjacent healthy ones, too. This destruction of health cells is inevitable, because most radiotherapy treatments are generalized, not fully localized to destroy only the cancer cells. Radiation can cause problems for the skin while entering and exiting the body.
Skin Complications
Post-radiation skin complications are divided into three categories, according to the American Cancer Society: immediate, acute and delayed reactions. These reactions can appear days, two to six months, or 15 years, respectively, after radiation therapy. Delayed reactions usually occur in patients in whom chemotherapy is combined with radiotherapy.
In most cases, the skin issues caused by radiation include dryness, peeling, itching (pruritus), blistering, hardening, softening, or swelling of the skin.
Skin Treatments
Skin needs to be treated through two means after radiation therapy. One is to treat the affected area locally with the help of prescribed medicines, and the other is to take care of the skin according to your doctor's guidance for proper hygiene and skin care. Doctors may prescribe an antibiotic lotion or ointment to prevent skin from becoming dry, peeling, itching, or exhibiting other side effects. Patients should only use a very mild soap free of chemicals. Lotions, creams, prescription medication, and any other products have to be applied very gently on the skin. Using wet packs on the site may also help limit skin problems or relieve pain associated with skin irritation caused by radiotherapy.
Post-Radiation Care
It is important not to expose the radiated area of the skin to the sun for at least a year after the radiation treatment is completed. If exposure cannot be avoided, use a sunscreen lotion or cream with an SPF rating of at least 15 every time you go out in the sun. The American Cancer Society also recommends that patients wear loose-fitting clothing. Also avoid very hot or cold water; use lukewarm water instead. Avoid scrubbing the affected skin altogether. Avoid tanning, as well as products such as deodorants, hair removers and shaving gels. Finally, avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks, which could dry the skin. Drink large quantities of water to help nourish the skin.
Tags: after radiation, after radiation therapy, American Cancer, American Cancer Society, Cancer Society, peeling itching, radiation therapy
