Ultrasound
One of the preliminary tests you'll undergo to diagnose cancer is an ultrasound. If pancreatic cancer is suspected, you'll get an ultrasound to get images of your internal organs. An ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves to make the images of your organs. A sensor known as a transducer is placed over your abdomen, which takes images of the inside of your body and then transfers the images to a computer screen.
Computerized Tomography
According to the American Cancer Society, a CT scan is similar to an X-ray. A CT scan takes cross-sectional images of your internal body. The CT scan machine rotates around you as it takes pictures of your body. The images taken of you are accumulated and then projected into individual slices onto a computer screen. A CT scan is capable of pinpointing the exact location of a tumor within your pancreas, which can help your physician determine if surgery can be an option with your treatment plan.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
An MRI is a machine that uses radio waves and strong magnets to gain detailed images of your body. The radio waves get absorbed into your body, which then creates an image of your internal organs and any existing masses or growths. An MRI is capable of locating where a tumor is, much like a CT scan. While an MRI can provide better imaging of your internal body, the machine is more uncomfortable to lie in, and makes loud noises that can be unnerving. If your physician requests that you take an MRI, ask your technician for headphones to block out some of the noise.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
According to the Mayo Clinic, an ERCP uses a dye that distinctly outlines the bile ducts within your pancreas. An endoscope, which is a small tube, is gently guided down your throat and into your small intestine. Your physician will then inflate your intestines with air, to get a better view of your pancreas and bile ducts. After your intestinal tract is inflated, the dye is placed into your tract. Your physician will then take X-rays of your ducts.
Biopsy
During an ERCP procedure, your physician may take a tissue sample from your pancreas. The sample is examined under a microscope to detect the presence of cancer cells. An aspiration biopsy can be taken instead of a biopsy being taken during an ERCP procedure. An aspiration biopsy uses a needle that is inserted through your abdomen, and into your pancreas. The needle then extracts a sample from your pancreas, which will then be examined.
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