Medicare late enrollment penalties are based on how long you go without coverage.
Most Americans enroll in Medicare when they reach age 65. Medicare Part A, which covers hospital expenses, is free for most people who have worked for at least 10 years in Medicare-eligible employment. However, most people pay a monthly premium for Medicare Part B, medical insurance that covers physician visits and preventive care, and Medicare Part D, prescription drug coverage. Unless you have equivalent health insurance, such as that offered by an employer, you are required to enroll in Medicare when you are eligible, or face penalties for late enrollment. Those penalties are calculated using a specific formula.
Instructions
Medicare Part B Penalties
1. Determine your base Medicare premium. For anyone enrolling in Medicare after January 1, 2011, the base premium is $115.40 per month.
2. Calculate how many months you have declined Medicare coverage since you were eligible. You have up to four months after your 65th birthday to enroll; for example, if you turn 65 on March 15, you have until July 15 to enroll, and your penalty period begins on July 16.
3. Divide your Medicare monthly premium by 10 to calculate the penalty for each 12-month period you went without Medicare. For those enrolling after January 2011, the penalty is $11.54 if you went 12 months without Medicare; for 24 months the penalty is $23.08, and so on.
4. Add the penalty amount to your monthly Medicare Part B premium. This will be your monthly cost for as long as you have Medicare. For example, if you enroll in Medicare in 2011, and declined coverage for 24 months, your monthly premium will be $138.48 instead of $115.40.
Medicare Part D Penalties
5. Calculate 1 percent of the "national base beneficiary premium" for Medicare Part D plans. As of 2011, that premium is $32.34 per month.
6. Multiply that number by the number of full months that you were eligible for Part D coverage but did not enroll. Your Medicare Part D enrollment period is the same as your Medicare Part B period.
7. Round that number to the nearest 10 cents. Add that amount to your monthly Medicare Part D premium.
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