Employability skills are defined as those skills necessary for getting, keeping and performing well on a job. These abilities are categorized into three main areas: basic academic skills, higher order thinking skills and personal quality abilities. Many employers require that potential employees possess these skills before applying for a job. Some employers may provide remedial education for applicants deemed lacking these abilities, but in a competitive job market, those individuals who demonstrate these skills will be much more successful in getting a job offer.
Basic Academic Skills
The basic academic skills employers are looking for are mathematics, reading and writing abilities. New employees must be able to read, write and communicate with other associates. Math skills are vital at every level of an organization and are needed for almost all entry-level positions. Science skills and the basic communication abilities of listening and questioning are also required by most employers. Some employers provide remedial education for applicants lacking these basic skills, but most simply hire more qualified individuals.
Higher-Order Thinking Skills
Higher order thinking skills are defined as learning,reasoning, creative thinking, problem solving and the ability to make decisions. These skills demonstrate an applicant's ability to apply what is learned in school and apply this information in a business environment. Most companies find these qualities very difficult to teach and therefore look for employees who already possess these talents. Learning these skills takes time and education and applicants who demonstrate these abilities are among the first hired.
Personal Qualities
Personal qualities are almost impossible to train and develop over a long period of time. Companies understand this and look for new employees who arrive at the interview already demonstrating these qualities. Personal qualities most in demand are honesty, integrity, flexibility, punctuality, responsibility and a positive attitude. It is very difficult to develop these qualities in a short period of time, and many of these abilities are learned through trial and error. Companies value these skills since they directly lead to success and profitability for both the employer and employee.
Other Important Skills
Almost all jobs require a basic understanding of computer hardware and software, specifically word processing, spreadsheets and email. An ability to handle multiple priorities and to easily adapt to change are also very useful for most employers. Potential employees also need to have strengths in cultural sensitivity and an ability to build rapport with a highly diverse workforce quickly and effectively. Companies also seek associates who are willing and able to work as a cooperative team member.
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